Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 112

会议视频 3

年份

2023 12

2022 15

2021 8

2020 7

2019 8

2018 14

2017 10

2016 5

2015 2

2014 2

2013 5

2012 4

2011 7

2010 4

2009 3

2008 3

2005 1

2002 1

2001 1

2000 1

展开︾

关键词

气候变化 12

环境 3

全球变暖 2

区域气候模式 2

温室气体 2

碳中和 2

青藏高原 2

China TIMES模型 1

《联合国气候变化框架公约》(UNFCCC) 1

三碳经济 1

上游关键敏感区 1

东亚季风 1

中国 1

人为活动 1

人工气候 1

作物产量 1

傅里叶变换 1

光周期 1

全气候新能源汽车 1

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

关于气候变化的哲学思考

李佩成

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第11期页码 7-13

摘要：

从哲学的基本原理出发，引用地史及水文气象资料探讨了全球气候变化问题，指出全球气候一直在变化；气候变化的动力主要在天在地而不在人；当今的气候变化可能只是气候变化总过程中的一个波动阶段而非永远的趋势,且其变幅并未超出历史上气候变化的范畴。因此，不能断言全球气候变暖是由于人为排放CO₂所致。所以对于不同时空条件下的气候变化应当具体矛盾具体分析具体解决，进而提出了中国应对气候变化的对策建议。

关键词：气候变化哲学思考全球气候变暖温室气体

HTML PDF 收藏

Impact of climate change on building heating energy consumption in Tianjin

Cao XIANG, Zhe TIAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第4期页码 518-524 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0261-y

摘要： This paper investigated the variation of building heating energy consumption caused by global warming in Tianjin, China. Based on the hourly historical and monthly projected future (B1/A1B emissions scenarios) meteorological data, the variation of those relevant meteorological parameters was first analyzed. A TRNSYS simulation model for a reference building was introduced to investigate historical variation of office building energy consumption. The results showed that the 10-year-average heating energy consumption of 2001–2010 had reduced by 16.1% compared to that of 1961–1970. By conducting principal component analysis and regression analysis, future variation of building heating load was studied. For B1/A1B emissions scenarios, the multi-year-average heating load was found to decrease by 9.7% (18.1%)/10.2% (22.7%) compared to that of 1971–2010 by 2011–2050 (2051–2100).

关键词： global warming office building heating energy consumption

HTML PDF 收藏

Mass loss and nutrient dynamics during litter decomposition in response to warming and nitrogen addition

Haiyan REN, Jie QIN, Baolong YAN, Alata, Baoyinhexige, Guodong HAN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 64-70 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017194

摘要： Plant litter decomposition has been studied extensively in the context of both warming and increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition. However, the temporal patterns of mass loss and nutrient release in response to warming and nitrogen addition remain unclear. A 2-year decomposition experiment aimed to examine the effects of warming and nitrogen addition on decomposition rate, and nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics. The effects of warming and nitrogen addition on decomposition of litter of , a dominant species in a desert steppe of northern China, were studied. Warming and nitrogen addition significantly enhanced litter mass loss by 10% and 16%, respectively, and moreover promoted nitrogen and phosphorus release from the litter in the first year of decomposition, followed by an immobilization period. The interactive effects of warming and nitrogen addition on mass loss, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of litter were also found during the decomposition. This study indicates that warming and nitrogen addition increased litter mass loss through altering litter quality. These findings highlight that interactions between climate change and other global change factors could be highly important in driving decomposition responses.

关键词： climate warming grassland litter decomposition nitrogen deposition nutrient release

HTML PDF 收藏

The relevance of James Lovelock’s research and philosophy to environmental science and academia

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1639-7

摘要： James E. Lovelock, famed for his Gaia hypothesis, which views the Earth as a living integrated and interconnected self-regulating system whose equilibrium comes about from complex energy-based interactions and feedback loops, ultimately sustaining life, passed away at the end of July, 2022 at the age of 103. Not only are the adaptive mechanisms of Gaia central to the conversation of environmental homeostasis, they lie at the heart of climate change and global warming. Lovelock is also remembered as the co-inventor of the electron capture detector that eventually allowed for the sensitive detection of chlorofluorocarbons and pesticides. Finally, Lovelock’s free-spirited nature and research independence allow academia to rethink current research’s modus operandi.

关键词： Academic independence Climate change Electron capture detector Environmental equilibrium Global warming Homeostasis

HTML PDF 收藏

气候变暖背景下的极端天气气候事件与防灾减灾

翟盘茂,刘静

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第9期页码 55-63

摘要：

首先概括极端天气气候事件以及“气候极值”的相关定义，并把极端事件分为单要素的极端事件、与天气现象有关的极端事件、多要素极端事件和极端气候事件。在此基础上，总结上述几类极端事件在气候变暖背景下的变化趋势及影响。指出气候变暖背景下我国长江中下游区域强降水事件更趋频繁，我国东部地区高温热浪天气更为明显；东北华北地区干旱趋势增加，尤其在20世纪末期和21世纪初期最为明显；近10年来西南地区干旱频繁发生。为减轻日益增加的重大气象灾害的损失，我国有必要加强高影响极端事件的监测、预警能力建设，同时还必须根据极端天气气候事件变化规律加强工程性防御措施，以防范和应对强降水引发的洪涝灾害和城市渍涝，以及与降水持续不足有关的重大干旱和高温热浪等气象灾害。

关键词：极端气候指数高影响气象灾害工程

HTML PDF 收藏

全球变暖背景下不同暴雨对平原湖区涝灾影响模拟研究

朱勇辉,卢少为,廖鸿志

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第6期页码 48-53

摘要：

以洞庭湖腹地大通湖地区为例，基于平面二维水流数学模型，采用有限体积法和非结构网格，模拟研究了全球变暖背景下不同暴雨对平原湖区涝灾的影响，得出了不同强度暴雨下区域内涝灾分布情况及致涝率，并定量计算分析了暴雨强度的增加对内涝造成的不利影响，研究结果可为涝灾预测与评估等提供技术支持。

关键词：全球变暖暴雨平原湖区涝灾大通湖地区

HTML PDF 收藏

Global warming potential associated with Irish milk powder production

William Finnegan, Jamie Goggins, Aksana Chyzheuskaya, Xinmin Zhan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0949-z

摘要： Climate change is an ever growing issue and a major concern worldwide. Both producers and processors need to address the issue now by reducing their carbon footprint. Additionally, if Ireland is to meet their climate and energy targets, as outlined in Food Harvest 2020, which outlines a range of objectives for the Irish agricultural sector, the efficient use of resources and fuels within the industry will need to be increased. In Ireland, agriculture accounts for 29.2% of the total greenhouse gas emissions (58.5 million tonnes CO eq). Therefore, in this paper, a single agri-food product, milk powder, is examined in order to estimate the global warming potential (GWP) associated with its manufacture using life cycle assessment. A cradle-to-processing factory gate analysis, which includes raw milk production, raw milk transportation to the processing factory, its processing into each product and product packaging, is assessed in this study using data collected circa 2013. The factories surveyed processed approximately 24% of the total raw milk processed in the Republic of Ireland in 2013, which was 5.83 billion liters. The average total GWP associated with the manufacture of milk powder is 9.731 kg CO eq·kg milk powder, which has a standard deviation of 2.26 kg CO eq·kg milk powder, for the life cycle stages analyzed in this study. The most significant contributor to GWP is raw milk production (84%), followed by dairy processing (14%), with the remainder of the life cycle stages contributing approximately 2%.

关键词： Dairy Global warming potential Ireland Life cycle assessment Milk powder Milk production

HTML PDF 收藏

ClimateAP: an application for dynamic local downscaling of historical and future climate data in Asia

Tongli WANG, Guangyu WANG, John L. INNES, Brad SEELY, Baozhang CHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 448-458 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017172

摘要： While low-to-moderate resolution gridded climate data are suitable for climate-impact modeling at global and ecosystems levels, spatial analyses conducted at local scales require climate data with increased spatial accuracy. This is particularly true for research focused on the evaluation of adaptive forest management strategies. In this study, we developed an application, ClimateAP, to generate scale-free (i.e., specific to point locations) climate data for historical (1901–2015) and future (2011–2100) years and periods. ClimateAP uses the best available interpolated climate data for the reference period 1961–1990 as baseline data. It downscales the baseline data from a moderate spatial resolution to scale-free point data through dynamic local elevation adjustments. It also integrates and downscales the historical and future climate data using a delta approach. In the case of future climate data, two greenhouse gas representative concentration pathways (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) and 15 general circulation models are included to allow for the assessment of alternative climate scenarios. In addition, ClimateAP generates a large number of biologically relevant climate variables derived from primary monthly variables. The effectiveness of the local downscaling was determined based on the strength of the local linear regression for the estimate of lapse rate. The accuracy of the ClimateAP output was evaluated through comparisons of ClimateAP output against observations from 1805 weather stations in the Asia Pacific region. The local linear regression explained 70%–80% and 0%–50% of the total variation in monthly temperatures and precipitation, respectively, in most cases. ClimateAP reduced prediction error by up to 27% and 60% for monthly temperature and precipitation, respectively, relative to the original baselines data. The improvements for baseline portions of historical and future were more substantial. Applications and limitations of the software are discussed.

关键词： biologically relevant climate variables downscaling dynamic local regression future climate historical climate

HTML PDF 收藏

利用太阳能地球工程减缓全球变暖——前景仍不明朗

Sean O’Neill

《工程（英文）》 2022年第9卷第2期页码 6-9 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.12.005

HTML PDF 收藏

Responding to the Paris Climate Agreement: global climate change mitigation efforts

Yong GENG, Tsuyoshi FUJITA, Anthony CHIU, Hancheng DAI, Han HAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 333-337 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0587-6

摘要：

关键词： valign= top class= J_zhaiyao

HTML PDF 收藏

The most influential “Top 10 Events” in carbon neutrality and climate change in 2022

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期页码 1-4 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0869-5

摘要： . {{custom_ra.content}} . . . {{article.highlightEn}} . . . {{article.abstractEn}} . . . {{article.authorSummayEn}} .

HTML PDF 收藏

BUILDING CLIMATE-RESILIENT FOOD SYSTEMS IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA: VULNERABILITIES, RESPONSES AND FINANCING

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第1期页码 16-30 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023492

摘要：

● Food systems in East and Southeast Asia are vulnerable to global warming.

关键词： food systems climate change East policy resilience and Southeast Asia

HTML PDF 收藏

Tackling climate change and promoting the energy revolution

Xiangwan DU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 338-343 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0535-5

摘要：

Following the Paris Agreement, green and low-carbon development has entered into a new stage. China’s international responsibility to combat climate change is consistent with the inherent sustainable development needs of the country. In this paper, the reasonability of China’s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) is examined and the fact that low-carbon development can lead to modernization is demonstrated based on data analysis of energy economics from developed countries. Considering the fact that such an energy revolution forms the basis for China’s low-carbon transition, a roadmap of the China’s energy utilization is presented. Based on research results from the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the three historical stages of China’s energy structure reform are analyzed. Promoting a low-carbon transition through an energy revolution is a long-term and arduous process that requires a genuine transformation of development outlook and patterns. By empirically analyzing situations at home and abroad, a conclusion is made that economic development and a low-carbon transition can be achieved simultaneously; specifically, low-carbon development fosters new points of economic growth and gives rise to different development paths.

关键词： climate change Paris Agreement low-carbon transition energy revolution

HTML PDF 收藏

气候变暖加剧西藏自治区谷类作物单产的减产效应

斯确多吉, 朴世龙, 王旭辉, 赵闯, 刘保花, 陈安平, 汪诗平, 汪涛

《工程（英文）》 2022年第14卷第7期页码 163-168 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.01.012

摘要：

藏区农业是西藏自治区独特的历史和文化遗产的重要载体。与内地不同，作为唯一能在海拔4000 m以上生长的谷类作物，青稞是西藏自治区最主要的粮食作物。然而，气候变化对以青稞为主的西藏自治区谷类作物单产的影响仍不清楚。为此，本研究基于1985—2015年西藏自治区农业统计数据，解析了气候变暖对西藏自治区谷类作物单产的影响。研究发现，在20世纪80年代和90年代，气候变暖对西藏自治区谷类作物单产的影响并不显著（P > 0.10）；但21 世纪以来，气候变暖显著降低了西藏自治区谷类作物单产（P < 0.05）。同时，西藏自治区谷类作物单产变化对气候变暖的敏感度几乎加倍：从(−0.13 ± 0.20) t·ha⁻¹·^°C⁻¹增至(−0.22 ± 0.14) t·ha⁻¹·^°C⁻¹，表明气候变暖导致西藏自治区谷类作物生产更加脆弱。不仅如此，随着气温继续升高，当全球平均气温升幅比工业革命前高1.5 ^°C 和2 ^°C时，西藏自治区谷类作物单产对气候变暖的敏感度将比当前再增强1~2 倍，分别达到(−0.33 ± 0.10) t·ha⁻¹·^°C⁻¹和(−0.51 ± 0.18) t·ha⁻¹·^°C⁻¹。如何应对全球变化、实现农业可持续发展是当前西藏自治区社会发展面临的重大挑战。

关键词：西藏自治区气候变暖作物产量青稞减产

HTML PDF 收藏

Comparison and analysis of energy consumption of energy-efficient office buildings in different climate

Ke ZHANG, Neng ZHU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 399-405 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0260-z

摘要： The purpose of this paper is to analyze the energy consumption (EC) and find out the determining factors of energy-efficient office building cases according to specific case studies in typical cities of different climate zones in China. The investigated building cases were located in four cities (Beijing, Ningbo, Nanjing and Shenzhen) of three architecture thermotechnical design zones (cold zone, hot summer and cold winter zone, hot summer and warm winter zone). The analysis indicates that the energy consumption index (ECI) of these four cases ranges from 41.06 to 74.23 kW·h/(m ·a). Besides, the outdoor climate can change the EC of air conditioning/heating systems, and further determine the monthly volatility of the total EC of the whole building.

关键词： energy-efficient building breakdown energy consumption (EC) energy consumption index (ECI) different climate zone